Deal Analysis
She considered a field.
Now she analyzes it.
Now she analyzes it.
Property Information
Property Nickname Private
No address needed. Give this deal a name you will recognize - "Oak Street House" or "Deal 1".
Property TypeSelect
The property type affects how income is calculated. A duplex has two units, each paying rent.
Purchase PriceTotal price
The agreed purchase price. Used to calculate your loan, down payment, and all return metrics.
$
Down Payment %Investment: 20-25%
Investment properties typically require 20-25% down. Enter the percentage and the dollar amount calculates live.
%
Down Payment Amount—
Closing CostsBudget 2-5%
Lender fees, title insurance, attorney, inspection, appraisal, prepaid expenses. Budget 2-5% of purchase price.
$
Financing & Income
Interest RateYour actual rate
Investment property rates typically run 0.5-1% higher than primary residence rates. Use your actual rate or a conservative estimate.
%
Loan TermYears
Most investment mortgages are 30 years. A 15-year loan has higher payments but less total interest paid.
Estimated Monthly Mortgage—
Monthly Rent (per unit)Per unit
Enter rent for one unit. If you have multiple units, enter the per-unit amount. Total income calculates automatically.
$
Vacancy RateNational avg: 7-8%
The percentage of time the property sits vacant. Budget conservatively. In strong markets, 5%. Softer markets, 10%.
%
Effective Gross Income / Month—
Operating Expenses
Property Taxes (Annual)County records
Look up on the county assessor's website. Enter the full annual amount - converted to monthly automatically.
$
Insurance (Annual)Landlord policy
Landlord insurance (dwelling fire) costs $1,000-2,500/year typically. Get a quote before closing.
$
Property Management8-12% of rent
Even if you self-manage now, budget this in. A deal that only works with your personal labor is a job, not an investment.
%
Maintenance Reserve5-10% of rent
Budget for repairs, appliance replacements, unexpected issues. Never skip this line. The roof will need replacing.
$
HOA (Monthly)If applicable
If the property has an HOA, enter the monthly fee here. Enter 0 if none. HOA directly reduces cash flow.
$
Utilities (Monthly)Landlord-paid only
Only enter utilities you as the landlord pay. If all utilities are tenant-paid, enter 0.
$
Other (Monthly)Recurring costs
Landscaping, pest control, snow removal, or any other regular monthly expenses not listed above.
$
Total Monthly Expenses (incl. mortgage)—
Deal Verdict
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Overall Score
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Monthly Cash Flow
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Target: $200+/mo
—Cash-on-Cash Return
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Strong: 8%+
—Cap Rate
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Strong: 6%+
—DSCR
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Lender min: 1.25
—Annual Cash Flow
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Target: $2,400+/yr
—Gross Rent Multiplier
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Lower is better: <12
—Total Cash to Close
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Down payment + closing costs
Loan Amount
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Purchase price - down payment
Monthly NOI
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Income - operating expenses
Operating Expense Ratio
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Expenses ÷ gross income
What to Consider
Rehab Calculator
Buy distressed. Build value.
Know your numbers first.
Know your numbers first.
Property & After Repair Value
Property Nickname
Current Asking PriceWhat seller wants
The current asking price. The 70% Rule will tell you the maximum you should offer based on ARV and repair costs.
$
After Repair Value (ARV)Comparable sales
What the property will be worth AFTER all repairs are complete. Research comparable homes nearby that have sold recently in updated condition. This is the most important number in the rehab calculation.
$
Down Payment %Hard money: 10-20%
Rehab deals often use hard money loans (short-term, higher rate) or cash. Hard money typically requires 10-20% down.
%
Interest RateHard money: 8-14%
Hard money loans carry higher rates (8-14%) because they are short term. Enter your actual rate.
%
Rehab Duration (months)Be realistic
How long will the renovation take? Be conservative. Most rehabs take longer than planned. Budget your holding costs accordingly.
Repair Cost Estimator
Roof$5k-$20k
Full roof replacement: $8,000-20,000. Partial repair: $2,000-8,000. Get an inspection before estimating.
$
HVAC$4k-$12k
New HVAC system: $4,000-12,000. Repair: $500-3,000. Older than 15 years - budget for replacement.
$
Plumbing$500-$15k
Minor repairs: $500-2,000. Full repipe: $8,000-15,000. Check for galvanized pipes in older homes.
$
Electrical$1k-$15k
Panel upgrade: $1,500-4,000. Full rewire: $8,000-15,000. Inspect for knob-and-tube or aluminum wiring.
$
Kitchen$5k-$50k
Budget kitchen: $5,000-15,000. Mid-range: $15,000-30,000. Full gut: $30,000-50,000+. Match finish level to neighborhood.
$
Bathrooms$3k-$20k each
Budget bathroom: $3,000-8,000. Full remodel: $10,000-20,000. Enter total for all bathrooms.
$
Flooring$2-$8/sq ft
LVP: $2-4/sq ft installed. Hardwood: $5-10/sq ft. Carpet: $2-5/sq ft. Estimate total square footage x cost.
$
Paint (Interior + Exterior)$1-$4/sq ft
Interior paint: $1-3/sq ft. Exterior: $1.50-4/sq ft. Budget professionally painted, not DIY, for resale value.
$
Landscaping + ExteriorCurb appeal
First impressions matter for resale. Budget $1,000-5,000 minimum for landscaping, driveway, and exterior cleanup.
$
Windows + Doors$300-$800 each
Window replacement: $300-800 each. Exterior doors: $500-2,000 each. Enter total for all.
$
Permits + MiscBudget 10-15% buffer
Permits, inspections, dumpster, contingency. Add 10-15% buffer to your total repair estimate for surprises.
$
Total Repair Costs—
Holding & Exit Costs
Monthly Holding CostsMortgage + carrying
Your monthly mortgage payment plus taxes, insurance, and utilities during the renovation. The tool auto-estimates from your loan inputs above if you leave this at 0.
$
Agent Commission (Selling)Typically 5-6%
When you sell, you typically pay 5-6% in agent commissions. Enter as a percentage of ARV.
%
Selling Closing Costs1-3% of ARV
Title fees, transfer taxes, attorney fees on the sell side. Budget 1-3% of ARV.
$
Flip Analysis
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Profit / Return
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Total Project Cost
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Purchase + repairs + holding
Max Allowable Offer (70%)
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ARV × 70% - repair costs
Projected Profit
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Target: $30k+ for a flip
—Return on Investment
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Your cash invested vs. profit
—Cash Left in Deal
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Lower = better BRRRR
—Price vs. Max Offer
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Asking vs. what you should pay
—Purchase Price
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What you are paying
Total Repair Costs
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Full renovation budget
Total Holding Costs
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Carrying costs during rehab
Total Selling Costs
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Commission + closing
What to Consider
Stress Test
What if things go wrong?
Know before you buy.
Know before you buy.
Base Deal Numbers
Run a deal analysis in Tab 1 first, then click "Run Stress Test" to automatically import those numbers here. Or enter your numbers manually below.
Monthly Rent
$
Vacancy Rate %
%
Monthly Mortgage
$
Monthly Operating Expenses
$
Number of Units
Total Cash Invested
$
Base Case (Your Numbers)
Monthly Cash Flow
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Annual Cash Flow
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Cash-on-Cash Return
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DSCR
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Conservative Stress
Vacancy +5% · Rent -10% · Expenses +15%
Vacancy +5% · Rent -10% · Expenses +15%
Monthly Cash Flow—
Annual Cash Flow—
Cash-on-Cash—
DSCR—
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Moderate Stress
Vacancy +10% · Rent -15% · Expenses +25%
Vacancy +10% · Rent -15% · Expenses +25%
Monthly Cash Flow—
Annual Cash Flow—
Cash-on-Cash—
DSCR—
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Severe Stress
Vacancy +20% · Rent -20% · Expenses +35%
Vacancy +20% · Rent -20% · Expenses +35%
Monthly Cash Flow—
Annual Cash Flow—
Cash-on-Cash—
DSCR—
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Stress Test Interpretation
Deal Comparison
Two fields.
One decision.
One decision.
Deal A
No deal saved yet
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Monthly Cash Flow—
Cash-on-Cash Return—
Cap Rate—
DSCR—
Annual Cash Flow—
Cash to Close—
GRM—
Deal B
Analyze a second deal to compare
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Monthly Cash Flow—
Cash-on-Cash Return—
Cap Rate—
DSCR—
Annual Cash Flow—
Cash to Close—
GRM—
Analyze a deal in Tab 1, then click "Add to Comparison." Analyze a second deal and add it to populate both columns.
Beginner's Guide to Underwriting
She considered the field
before she bought it.
before she bought it.
Getting Started
What is Underwriting?
Key Metrics
Understanding Expenses
Rehab & BRRRR
Stress Testing
Example Deal
Reading Verdicts
Using Globally
Getting Started
The Ample Rose Underwriting Suite is built for the woman who is serious about real estate but has never analyzed a deal before. You do not need a finance degree. Every field is explained. Every metric has a benchmark. You will never be left wondering if your number is good or bad.
Tab 1 - Deal Analyzer
For rental properties you plan to hold long-term. Enter the property details, financing, income, and expenses. Get a full verdict with six key metrics and specific guidance on what to adjust.
Tab 2 - Rehab Calculator
For distressed properties that need renovation. Calculate your maximum offer, total project cost, and projected profit for a Fix and Flip or BRRRR strategy.
Tab 3 - Stress Test
Takes your Deal Analyzer numbers and runs three what-if scenarios. Conservative, moderate, and severe. Shows you exactly where and how your deal breaks under pressure.
Tab 4 - Compare Deals
Analyze two properties and compare them side by side. The tool highlights the winner on each metric and gives you an overall recommendation.
What is Underwriting?
Underwriting is the process of analyzing a deal to determine if it is worth pursuing. Lenders do it before approving your loan. Smart investors do it before making an offer. Now you do it too.
When you underwrite a deal you are answering three questions:
Question 1 - Does it cash flow?
Does this property generate enough income to cover all expenses - mortgage, taxes, insurance, management, maintenance, and still put money in your pocket every month? The Deal Analyzer answers this.
Question 2 - Does it survive pressure?
What happens if a tenant leaves and the property sits vacant for two months? What if rent drops because the market softens? What if a major repair hits unexpectedly? The Stress Test answers this.
Question 3 - Am I paying the right price?
Is the purchase price justified by what the property generates? The cap rate, GRM, and the 70% Rule on the Rehab Calculator answer this question for different deal types.
A woman who underwrites before she buys sits at a different table than a woman who hopes for the best. This suite gives you the tools to underwrite with confidence.
Key Metrics Explained
Cash Flow
What is left every month after every expense including your mortgage is paid. Positive means the property puts money in your pocket. Negative means it costs you money every month.
Benchmark: $200+ per month per unit
Cash-on-Cash Return (CoC)
Annual cash flow divided by total cash invested. This tells you what percentage return you are getting on the money you actually put in. The most important metric for comparing deals.
Strong: 8%+ · Acceptable: 5-8% · Scrutinize: Under 5%
Cap Rate
Net Operating Income divided by purchase price. Shows the property's return independent of financing. Useful for comparing properties in the same market. Does not account for your mortgage.
Strong: 6%+ · Varies significantly by market
DSCR (Debt Service Coverage Ratio)
Net Operating Income divided by annual mortgage payment. Lenders use this to determine if the property generates enough income to cover the debt. Below 1.0 means the rent cannot cover the mortgage alone.
Lender minimum: 1.25 · Strong: 1.5+
Gross Rent Multiplier (GRM)
Purchase price divided by annual gross rent. A quick screening tool. Lower means you are paying less per dollar of rent the property generates.
Favorable: Under 12 · Strong: Under 8
Understanding Expenses
This is where most first-time investors make their biggest mistake. They only budget the mortgage. The deal looks great on paper. Then reality arrives.
Property Taxes
Look up on the county assessor's website before any offer. They are public record. Enter the annual amount.
Landlord Insurance
Different from homeowner's insurance. More expensive. Get a real quote. Budget $1,000-2,500 annually for most single family properties.
Property Management
Even if you plan to self-manage, include this. A deal that only works if you personally manage it is a job, not an investment. Budget 8-12% of collected rent.
Maintenance Reserve
Budget 5-10% of monthly rent. Older homes need more. The roof will need replacing. The water heater will fail. Budget before it happens, not after.
Vacancy
Budget for the time between tenants. The national average is 7-8%. In strong rental markets it may be 3-5%. In softer markets, 10-15%. Always budget conservatively.
Rehab & BRRRR Strategy
The 70% Rule
The most used formula in fix-and-flip investing. Maximum Allowable Offer = After Repair Value × 70% minus Repair Costs. This leaves room for holding costs, selling costs, and profit.
Example: ARV $300k × 70% = $210k minus $50k repairs = Max offer $160k
After Repair Value (ARV)
What the property will be worth after all renovations are complete. Research comparable homes nearby that sold recently in updated condition. This is the most important number in any rehab deal. Overestimate it and your profit disappears.
BRRRR Strategy
Buy, Rehab, Rent, Refinance, Repeat. You buy a distressed property, renovate it, rent it, then refinance based on the new appraised value. If the ARV is high enough, the refinance pulls out most or all of your original cash. Then you use that cash to buy the next property.
Goal: Pull out 100% of invested cash. Leave none in the deal. Repeat indefinitely.
Hard Money Loans
Short-term loans used to purchase and renovate. Higher interest rates (8-14%) because they are quick and flexible. You refinance into conventional financing after rehab is complete. Budget holding costs carefully - every extra month costs money.
Stress Testing Your Deal
Stress testing is what separates an investor from a gambler. A gambler hopes things go well. An investor knows exactly where her deal breaks and decides if she can live with that risk before she buys.
Conservative Stress
Vacancy rises 5%. Rent drops 10%. Expenses climb 15%. This represents a mild softening of the market - a recession hint, a neighborhood shift, or one bad tenant cycle. If your deal breaks here, it is fragile.
Moderate Stress
Vacancy rises 10%. Rent drops 15%. Expenses climb 25%. A real market correction. The kind that happens every 7-10 years. Your deal should at minimum survive this without going deeply negative.
Severe Stress
Vacancy rises 20%. Rent drops 20%. Expenses climb 35%. A severe recession scenario. Most deals break here. The question is how badly - a small negative cash flow you can cover from savings, or a catastrophic loss you cannot sustain.
A deal that survives conservative and moderate stress but breaks in severe stress is a normal deal. A deal that breaks in conservative stress is a fragile deal. Know which one you are buying.
Example Deal Walkthrough
Here is a complete example so you can see how the numbers work together before entering your own deal.
Sample Deal — Maple Grove Single Family
Purchase Price$220,000
Down Payment (25%)$55,000
Closing Costs$6,000
Total Cash to Close$61,000
Interest Rate (7.25%)30 Years
Monthly Mortgage$1,131
Monthly Rent$2,400
Vacancy (7%)-$168
Effective Gross Income$2,232
All Operating Expenses$680/mo
Monthly Cash Flow$421
Cash-on-Cash Return8.3%
DSCR1.47
Cap Rate7.2%
This deal returns Strong Deal. Solid cash flow, CoC above 8%, DSCR well above the lender minimum. The lower purchase price ($220k vs $280k) is what makes it work at current interest rates. In today's rate environment, price matters more than ever.
Reading Your Verdict
Strong Deal
The deal scores well across multiple metrics. Cash flow is positive. CoC at or above 8%. DSCR above 1.25. Does not mean proceed blindly - always verify rent comps, get an inspection, confirm financing. But the numbers support moving forward.
Proceed with Caution
One or two metrics are below target but the deal is not necessarily bad. The tool will tell you exactly which numbers need attention and what you could adjust to strengthen it. Negotiate the price, verify rent comps, or reconsider expenses.
Pass
Multiple metrics are failing. The deal as structured does not make financial sense. This does not always mean walk away - it means the price needs to come down, the rent needs to be higher, or the expenses need to be reduced before this deal works. Pass on the price, not necessarily the property.
Using This Globally
Real estate fundamentals work the same worldwide. Cash flow, cap rate, DSCR, and cash-on-cash return are universal concepts used by investors in every market.
Currency
The tool displays in USD. If analyzing a property in another currency, enter figures in your local currency. The ratios and percentages are currency-neutral as long as you are consistent throughout the analysis.
Benchmarks
Benchmarks reflect US investor standards. In some international markets, cap rates may be lower in high-demand cities and higher in emerging markets. Research local benchmarks for your specific market.
Tax Treatment
This tool does not calculate tax implications. Tax treatment of rental income, depreciation, and capital gains varies significantly by country and individual situation. Always consult a local tax professional before making investment decisions.
This tool is a financial analysis aid - not legal or tax advice.